Why are blueberries good for you?
I grew up in Michigan, which produces approximately a third of all blueberries eaten in the United States. I remember going blueberry picking when I was a child. It was the only time in my life I could ever eat my fill of blueberries. Blueberries are full of antioxidants and therefore very healthy - but why?
Bite-Sized Science
Our bodies naturally produce chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide. If we don’t do something about the hydrogen peroxide, it can damage our genetic material or DNA. DNA damage is linked to developing cancer. Certain foods have chemicals called antioxidants. These are “good” chemicals that counteract potentially harmful chemicals like hydrogen peroxide, and prevent DNA damage.
A Closer Look
As part of our normal metabolism, our bodies produce reactive oxygen species like hydrogen peroxide. Although the production is completely natural, these reactive oxygen species can damage our DNA. Too much DNA damage can contribute to developing cancer. Antioxidants neutralize these reactive oxygen species and protect our DNA. Is consumption of blueberries the single route to avoiding cancer?
Not necessarily - blueberries are also low calorie, lack refined sugar, and are a good source of protein and fiber. So how much cancer-preventing properties are due to the inherent anti-oxidant properties versus just being a healthy food? Either way, it can’t hurt to eat a handful of blueberries next time you want a sweet treat!
Suggestions for Teaching
Have students generate a list of antioxidant containing foods or drinks. Which ones do they like to eat or drink?
Have students assess what makes the food healthy - are there other good reasons to eat this food outside of containing antioxidants
Have students assess claims of “super foods” - are these claims just for marketing, or is there some scientific basis?